Fishing Practices and TURF Compliance: An AGIL-Based Social Systems Analysis from Surigao del Sur, Philippines

Abstract

The study explored fisher and household characteristics, fishing practices, and predictors of effective fishing in Ayoke Island with a Territorial Use Rights for Fishers (TURF), while applying Parsons’ Social System Theory, AGIL, as the explanatory framework. The study’s variables included economic capability (Adaptation), institutional support (Goal Attainment), enforcement factor (Integration), and sociocultural influence (Latency), along with sociodemographic characteristics of each fisher and his household (personal and household characteristics) to measure their significant effects on fishing practice. A mixed method with structured surveys and focus-group discussions was used to interview 117 fishers, and the data were processed and analyzed with descriptive statistics, the Pearson product-moment correlation test, and multiple regression analyses. Fishermen were predominantly male, relatively young, educated up to secondary level, showed strong place attachment, and possessed substantial fishing experience. Compliance with TURF regulations is significantly higher among long term residents with increased experience with fishing. All AGIL variables significantly correlate with the practice of fishing, and all AGIL variables predicted effective fishing practice regardless of any sociodemographic variables included. The results suggest that economic ability, institutional support, sociocultural, and enforcement should all be included in any integrated coastal fisheries management plan. Based on these results, the study recommends a sustained holistic program to improve compliance, foster institutional support, and engage the active participation of fishers, particularly younger fishers, to enhance the long-term sustainability of coastal fisheries.